Geotextile, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti geotextile, ndi chinthu chotha kulowamo cha geosynthetic chopangidwa ndi ulusi wopangidwa ndi singano kukhomerera kapena kuluka.Geotextile ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zatsopano za geosynthetic.Chomalizidwacho chimakhala ngati nsalu, chokhala ndi m'lifupi mwake mamita 4-6 ndi kutalika kwa 50-100 mamita.Ma geotextiles amagawidwa kukhala ma geotextiles oluka ndi ma geotextiles osawomba.
Mawonekedwe
1. Mphamvu yayikulu, chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito ulusi wapulasitiki, imatha kukhalabe ndi mphamvu zokwanira komanso kutalika mumikhalidwe yonyowa komanso youma.
2. Kukana kwa dzimbiri, kukana kwa dzimbiri kwa nthawi yayitali m'nthaka ndi madzi okhala ndi pH yosiyana.
3. Kutha kwa madzi abwino Pali mipata pakati pa ulusi, kotero imakhala ndi madzi abwino.
4. Good anti-microbial properties, palibe kuwonongeka kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi njenjete.
5. Kumangako ndikosavuta.Chifukwa chakuti zinthuzo ndi zopepuka komanso zofewa, ndizosavuta kunyamula, kuziyika ndi kumanga.
6. Mafotokozedwe athunthu: M'lifupi mwake amatha kufika mamita 9.Ndilo lalikulu kwambiri ku China, misa pagawo lililonse: 100-1000g/m2
1: Kudzipatula
Ma polyester fiber staple-punched geotextiles amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida zomangira zokhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana (kukula kwa tinthu, kugawa, kusasinthika ndi kachulukidwe, etc.)
zipangizo (monga nthaka ndi mchenga, nthaka ndi konkire, etc.) zodzipatula.Pangani zida ziwiri kapena zingapo sizithawe, osasakanikirana, sungani zinthuzo
Mapangidwe onse ndi ntchito ya zinthu zimakulitsa mphamvu yonyamula katunduyo.
2: Kusefera (kusefera mmbuyo)
Madzi akamatuluka kuchokera munthaka yabwino kulowa munthaka yolimba, mpweya wabwino komanso kutsekemera kwamadzi kwa polyester staple fiber needle-punched geotextile amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti madzi ayende.
Kudzera, ndi mogwira kukalanda nthaka particles, mchenga, miyala yaing'ono, etc., kukhala bata la nthaka ndi madzi zomangamanga.
3: Ngalande
Polyester staple fiber singano-khomerera geotextile imakhala ndi madzi abwino, imatha kupanga ngalande m'nthaka,
Madzi otsala ndi gasi amachotsedwa.
4: Kulimbikitsa
Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa polyester staple fiber needle-punched geotextile kupititsa patsogolo kulimba kwamphamvu komanso anti-deformation yanthaka, kupititsa patsogolo kukhazikika kwanyumbayo, ndikuwongolera kukhazikika kwanyumbayo.
Dothi labwino.
5: Chitetezo
Madzi akamayenda m'nthaka, amafalikira, kutumiza kapena kuwononga kupsinjika kokhazikika, kulepheretsa nthaka kuwonongeka ndi mphamvu zakunja, ndikuteteza nthaka.
6: Kukana kuboola
Kuphatikizidwa ndi geomembrane, imakhala yosakanikirana ndi madzi komanso anti-seepage zakuthupi, zomwe zimagwira ntchito yotsutsa-puncture.
Mphamvu zolimba kwambiri, kupenya bwino, kutulutsa mpweya, kukana kutentha, kuzizira, kukana kukalamba, kukana dzimbiri, kusadya njenjete.
Polyester staple fiber needle-punched geotextile ndi zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi geosynthetic.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri polimbikitsa njanji ndi mayendedwe apamsewu
Kukonza zipinda zamasewera, kuteteza madamu, kudzipatula kwa nyumba zama hydraulic, tunnel, matope am'mphepete mwa nyanja, kubwezeretsanso, kuteteza chilengedwe ndi ntchito zina.
Mawonekedwe
Kulemera kopepuka, mtengo wotsika, kukana dzimbiri, magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri monga anti-sefera, ngalande, kudzipatula ndi kulimbikitsa.
Gwiritsani ntchito
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri posungira madzi, mphamvu yamagetsi, mgodi, misewu yayikulu ndi njanji ndi uinjiniya wina wa geotechnical:
l.Zosefera zolekanitsa nthaka wosanjikiza;
2. Zida zotayira zopangira mchere m'masungidwe ndi migodi, ndi zida zotayira pamaziko omanga okwera;
3. Zida zothana ndi mvula zamadamu a mitsinje ndi kuteteza malo otsetsereka;
4. Kumangirira zipangizo za njanji, misewu ikuluikulu, ndi mabwalo a ndege, ndi zomangira misewu m’madera a madambo;
5. Anti-chisanu ndi odana ndi amaundana matenthedwe kutchinjiriza zipangizo;
6. Zinthu zotsutsana ndi kusweka kwa phula la phula.
Kugwiritsa ntchito geotextile pakumanga
(1) Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chilimbikitso pakubwezeretsanso makoma omangira, kapena ngati mapanelo omangira makhoma.Kupanga makoma omangirira kapena ma abutments.
(2) Limbikitsani njira yoongoka, konzani ming'alu ya msewu, ndipo tetezani kuti njirayo isawonetse ming'alu.
(3) Wonjezerani kukhazikika kwa malo otsetsereka a miyala ndi nthaka yolimba kuti muteteze kukokoloka kwa nthaka ndi kuzizira kwa nthaka pa kutentha kochepa.
(4) Chigawo chodzipatula pakati pa ballast yamsewu ndi subgrade, kapena kudzipatula pakati pa subgrade ndi subgrade yofewa.
(5) Kudzilekanitsa wosanjikiza pakati yokumba kudzaza, rockfill kapena chuma munda ndi maziko, ndi kudzipatula pakati pa zigawo zosiyanasiyana permafrost.Anti-sefa ndi kulimbikitsa.
(6) Sefa wosanjikiza wa dambo lakumtunda kwa dambo loyamba la dambo losungira phulusa kapena dambo la ma tailings, ndi sefa wosanjikiza wa ngalande yotsekera kumbuyo kwa khoma losunga.
(7) Zosanjikiza zosefera mozungulira ngalandeyo kapena kuzungulira ngalande ya miyala.
(8) Sefa wosanjikiza wa zitsime zamadzi, zitsime zochepetsera kuthamanga kapena mapaipi a oblique pama projekiti osungira madzi.
(9) Geotextile kudzipatula wosanjikiza pakati misewu, eyapoti, njanji njanji ndi miyala yokumba ndi maziko.
(10) Ngalande yoyima kapena yopingasa mkati mwa dziwe la dziko lapansi, yokwiriridwa m'nthaka kuti iwononge kuthamanga kwa madzi a pore.
(11) Kukhetsa kuseri kwa geomembrane yotsutsa-seepage m'madamu apansi kapena mipanda ya nthaka kapena pansi pa chivundikiro cha konkire.
(12) Chotsani kutsetsereka mozungulira ngalandeyo, kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa madzi akunja pansanja ndi madzi ozungulira nyumbazo.
(13) Ngalande zabwalo lamasewera opangira maziko.
(14) Misewu (kuphatikiza misewu yosakhalitsa), njanji, mipanda, madamu amiyala, mabwalo a ndege, mabwalo amasewera ndi ntchito zina zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kulimbitsa maziko ofooka.
Kuyika kwa geotextiles
Malo omanga a filament geotextile
Mipukutu ya geotextile iyenera kutetezedwa kuti isawonongeke musanayike ndi kutumizidwa.Mipukutu ya geotextile iyenera kupakidwa pamalo omwe ali osasunthika komanso opanda madzi, ndipo kutalika kwa stacking sikuyenera kupitirira kutalika kwa mipukutu inayi, ndipo chizindikiritso cha mpukutuwo chimawonekera.Mipukutu ya geotextile iyenera kuphimbidwa ndi zinthu zosawoneka bwino kuti ziteteze kukalamba kwa UV.Pakusunga, sungani zilembo kukhala bwino ndi deta yosasinthika.Mipukutu ya geotextile iyenera kutetezedwa kuti isawonongeke panthawi yoyendetsa (kuphatikiza mayendedwe apamalo kuchokera kusungirako zinthu kupita kuntchito).
Mipukutu ya geotextile yomwe yawonongeka iyenera kukonzedwa.Ma geotextile ovala kwambiri sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito.Ma geotextiles aliwonse omwe amakumana ndi ma reagents amadzimadzi owukhira saloledwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito pantchitoyi.
Momwe mungayikitsire geotextile:
1. Pakugubuduza pamanja, pamwamba pa nsaluyo payenera kukhala lathyathyathya, ndipo gawo loyenera la deformation liyenera kusungidwa.
2. Kuyika kwa ulusi kapena ulusi wamfupi wa geotextiles nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito njira zingapo zolumikizirana, kusoka ndi kuwotcherera.M'lifupi mwa kusoka ndi kuwotcherera nthawi zambiri ndi 0.1m, ndipo m'lifupi mwa chilolo olowa nthawi zambiri kuposa 0.2m.Ma geotextiles omwe amatha kuwululidwa kwa nthawi yayitali ayenera kuwotcherera kapena kusokedwa.
3. Kusoka kwa geotextile:
Kusoka konse kuzikhala kosalekeza (mwachitsanzo, kusokera mfundo sikuloledwa).Ma geotextiles amayenera kupindika osachepera 150mm asanadutse.Mtunda wosoka wocheperako ndi osachepera 25mm kuchokera ku selvedge (m'mphepete mwazinthuzo).
Sewn geotextile seams nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi mzere umodzi wa ma tcheni a mawaya.Ulusi womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kusoka uyenera kukhala wa utomoni womwe umakhala ndi mphamvu zochepa zopitilira 60N, ndipo ukhale wosasunthika ndi mankhwala komanso kukana kwa ultraviolet kofanana kapena kupitilira ma geotextiles.
"Zosokera" zilizonse zomwe zikusowa mu geotextile yosokedwa ziyenera kupangidwanso m'dera lomwe lakhudzidwa.
Njira zoyenera ziyenera kuchitidwa kuti nthaka, tinthu tating'onoting'ono kapena zinthu zakunja zisalowe mu geotextile wosanjikiza mukayika.
Chingwe cha nsalu chikhoza kugawidwa mu lapu yachilengedwe, msoko kapena kuwotcherera malingana ndi malo ndi ntchito yogwiritsira ntchito.
4. Panthawi yomanga, geotextile yomwe ili pamwamba pa geomembrane imatenga mgwirizano wa lap wachilengedwe, ndipo geotextile yomwe ili pamwamba pa geomembrane imatengera kusoka kapena kuwotcherera mpweya wotentha.Kuwotcherera mpweya wotentha ndi njira yolumikizira yokonda ya filament geotextiles, ndiko kuti, gwiritsani ntchito mfuti yamoto yotentha kutenthetsa nthawi yomweyo kulumikizana kwa zidutswa ziwiri za nsalu kuti zisungunuke, ndipo nthawi yomweyo gwiritsani ntchito mphamvu inayake yakunja kuti mulumikizane molimba..Pankhani ya nyengo yonyowa (mvula ndi chipale chofewa) komwe kugwirizanitsa kutentha sikungatheke, njira ina ya geotextiles - stitching njira, ndikugwiritsa ntchito makina osokera apadera opangira ulusi wawiri, ndikugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osakanikirana ndi UV.
M'lifupi mwake ndi 10cm panthawi yosoka, 20cm panthawi yachilengedwe, ndi 20cm panthawi yowotcherera mpweya wotentha.
5. Pakusoka, ulusi wa suture wa khalidwe lofanana ndi geotextile uyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo ulusi wa suture uyenera kupangidwa ndi zinthu zotsutsana kwambiri ndi kuwonongeka kwa mankhwala ndi kuwala kwa ultraviolet.
6. Pambuyo pa kuikidwa kwa geotextile, geomembrane idzaikidwa pambuyo pa chivomerezo cha injiniya woyang'anira pamalowo.
7. Geotextile pa geomembrane imayikidwa monga pamwambapa geomembrane itavomerezedwa ndi Party A ndi woyang'anira.
8. Manambala a geotextiles a gawo lililonse ndi TN ndi BN.
9. Zigawo ziwiri za geotextile pamwamba ndi pansi pa nembanemba ziyenera kuyikidwa mumtsinje wokhotakhota pamodzi ndi geomembrane pagawo lomwe lili ndi nsonga yokhotakhota.
Zofunikira pakuyika ma geotextiles:
1. Mgwirizanowu uyenera kudutsana ndi mzere wotsetsereka;Kumene kuli kofanana ndi phazi lotsetsereka kapena pamene pangakhale kupsyinjika, mtunda pakati pa chopingasa chopingasa uyenera kukhala wamkulu kuposa 1.5m.
2. Pamalo otsetsereka, sungani mbali imodzi ya geotextile, ndiyeno ikani koyiloyo pansi pamtunda kuti muwonetsetse kuti geotextile imasungidwa mu chikhalidwe cha taut.
3. Ma geotextiles onse ayenera kupanikizidwa ndi matumba a mchenga.Matumba amchenga adzagwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi yoyakira ndipo adzasungidwa mpaka pamwamba pake payikidwa.
Zofunikira pakuyika kwa geotextile:
1. Kuyang'anira udzu: Onani ngati mulingo wa udzu ndi wosalala komanso wolimba.Ngati pali nkhani yachilendo, iyenera kusamaliridwa bwino.
2. Kuyika kwa mayesero: Dziwani kukula kwa geotextile molingana ndi momwe malo alili, ndipo yesani kuyala mutadula.Kukula kwa kudula kuyenera kukhala kolondola.
3. Yang'anani ngati kukula kwa saladi kuli koyenera, chophatikizira cha lap chiyenera kukhala chophwanyika, ndipo kumangirira kuyenera kukhala kochepa.
4. Kuyika: Gwiritsani ntchito mfuti ya mpweya wotentha kumangiriza magawo omwe akudutsana a geotextiles awiri, ndipo mtunda pakati pa mfundo zomangira uyenera kukhala woyenera.
5. Zojambulazo ziyenera kukhala zowongoka ndipo zitsulo ziyenera kukhala zofanana pamene mukusoka mbali zomwe zikudutsana.
6. Mukatha kusoka, fufuzani ngati geotextile yayikidwa pansi komanso ngati pali zolakwika.
7. Ngati pali zochitika zosasangalatsa, ziyenera kukonzedwa panthawi yake.
Kudzifufuza nokha ndi kukonza:
a.Ma geotextiles onse ndi seams ayenera kufufuzidwa.Zidutswa za geotextile zosalongosoka ndi seam ziyenera kulembedwa bwino pa geotextile ndikukonzedwa.
b.Geotextile yovala iyenera kukonzedwa mwa kuyala ndi kulumikiza tinthu tating'ono tating'ono ta geotextile, tosachepera 200mm mbali zonse kuposa m'mphepete mwa chilema.Kulumikizana kwamafuta kuyenera kuyendetsedwa mosamalitsa kuonetsetsa kuti chigamba cha geotextile ndi geotextile zimangiriridwa mwamphamvu popanda kuwonongeka kwa geotextile.
c.Kumapeto kwa kuyika kwa tsiku lililonse, fufuzani pazithunzi zonse za geotextiles zomwe zayikidwa patsikulo kuti mutsimikizire kuti malo onse owonongeka adasindikizidwa ndikukonzedwa nthawi yomweyo, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti malo oyikapo alibe zinthu zakunja zomwe zitha. kuyambitsa kuwonongeka, monga singano zabwino, yaing'ono chitsulo Nail etc.
d.Zofunikira zaukadaulo zotsatirazi ziyenera kukwaniritsidwa pamene geotextile yawonongeka ndikukonzedwa:
e.Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito podzaza mabowo kapena ming'alu ziyenera kukhala zofanana ndi geotextile.
f.Chigambacho chiyenera kupitirira masentimita 30 kupitirira geotextile yowonongeka.
g.Pansi pa malo otayirapo, ngati kung'ambika kwa geotextile kupitirira 10% ya m'lifupi mwa koyilo, gawo lowonongeka liyenera kudulidwa, ndiyeno ma geotextile awiri amagwirizanitsidwa;ngati mng'alu upambana 10% ya m'lifupi mwa koyilo pamtunda wotsetsereka, uyenera kukhala Chotsani mpukutuwo ndikusintha ndi mpukutu watsopano.
h.Nsapato zogwirira ntchito ndi zida zomangira zomwe ogwira ntchito yomanga amagwiritsa ntchito sayenera kuwononga geotextile, ndipo ogwira ntchito yomanga sayenera kuchita chilichonse pa geotextile yomwe ingawononge geotextile, monga kusuta kapena kuponya geotextile ndi zida zakuthwa.
ndi.Pachitetezo cha zida za geotextile, filimu yonyamula iyenera kutsegulidwa musanayike ma geotextiles, ndiye kuti, mpukutu umodzi umayikidwa ndikutsegulidwa mpukutu umodzi.Ndipo fufuzani khalidwe la maonekedwe.
j.Malingaliro apadera: Geotextile ikafika pamalowa, kuvomereza ndi kutsimikizira visa kuyenera kuchitika munthawi yake.
Ndikofunikira kutsatira mosamalitsa "Geotextile Construction and Acceptance Regulations" yakampani.
Kusamala pakuyika ndi kupanga ma geotextiles:
1. Geotextile ikhoza kudulidwa kokha ndi mpeni wa geotextile (mbeza mpeni).Ngati adulidwa m'munda, njira zodzitetezera zapadera ziyenera kuchitidwa pazinthu zina kuti ziteteze kuwonongeka kosafunikira kwa geotextile chifukwa cha kudula;
2. Mukayika ma geotextiles, njira zonse zofunika ziyenera kuchitidwa kuti mupewe kuwonongeka kwa zinthu zomwe zili pansipa;
3. Mukayika ma geotextiles, samalani kuti musalole miyala, fumbi lalikulu kapena chinyezi, ndi zina zotero, zomwe zingawononge ma geotextiles, zingatseke ma drains kapena zosefera, kapena zingayambitse zovuta zolumikizirana ndi geotextiles.kapena pansi pa geotextile;
4. Pambuyo poikapo, fufuzani zowoneka pazithunzi zonse za geotextile kuti mudziwe eni malo onse owonongeka, chizindikiro ndi kukonza, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti palibe zinthu zakunja zomwe zingawononge pamtunda, monga singano zosweka ndi zinthu zina zakunja;
5. Kugwirizana kwa geotextiles kuyenera kutsata malamulo otsatirawa: nthawi zonse, sikuyenera kukhala kugwirizana kopingasa pamtunda (kulumikizana sikuyenera kupyola malire a malo otsetsereka), kupatula malo okonzedwa.
6. Ngati suture imagwiritsidwa ntchito, suture iyenera kupangidwa mofanana kapena kuposa zinthu za geotextile, ndipo suture iyenera kupangidwa ndi anti-ultraviolet.Payenera kukhala kusiyana koonekeratu kwamitundu pakati pa suture ndi geotextile kuti muwunike mosavuta.
7. Samalani kwambiri kusoka panthawi yoyika kuti muwonetsetse kuti palibe dothi kapena miyala yochokera pachivundikiro cha miyala yomwe imalowa pakati pa geotextile.
Kuwonongeka kwa Geotextile ndi kukonza:
1. Pamgwirizano wa suture, ndikofunikira kukonzanso ndi kukonzanso, ndikuonetsetsa kuti mapeto a skip stitch asinthidwanso.
2. M'madera onse, kupatulapo malo otsetsereka a miyala, zotulukapo kapena zong'ambika ziyenera kukonzedwa ndikusokedwa ndi zigamba za geotextile za zinthu zomwezo.
3. Pansi pa malo otayirapo, ngati kutalika kwa ng'anjo kupitirira 10% ya m'lifupi mwa coil, gawo lowonongeka liyenera kudulidwa, ndiyeno mbali ziwiri za geotextile zimagwirizanitsidwa.
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-22-2022